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Yadda Dandelion++ ke Keɓance Ma'amalar Monero Mai zaman kansa

Buga:

By Diego Salazar

Illustration by CypherStack

Keɓantawa azaman fifiko

A matsayin cryptocurrency, Monero na iya zama kamar abin ban sha'awa ga ido tsirara. Ba shi da babban da'awar yin suna kamar kasancewa 'kwamfuta ta duniya' ko' masana'antar xyz mai juyi'. Yana ƙoƙari kawai ya zama mai zaman kansa, dijital, kuɗi mai banƙyama, kuma kowane haɓakawa da sabon fasaha yana ƙara wannan ƙarshen.

Waɗanda ke ɗaukar wannan burin a matsayin kunkuntar ko maras sha'awa gabaɗaya ba su fahimci yadda yake da wahala a cimma sirri mai ma'ana ba, musamman a kan dindindin, buɗaɗɗen littafi kamar blockchain. Duk wata hanya don yatsan metadata yana da yuwuwar lalatawar sirri.

Monero yana ɗaukar matakan kariya don toshe bayanan sarkar, kamar mai karɓa, mai aikawa, da adadin kuɗi, ta adiresoshin ɓoye, sa hannun zobe, da alkawurran Pedersen bi da bi. Wannan yana rage damar mai kallo na yau da kullun daga cire mahimman bayanai bayan an riga an aika ma'amaloli kuma yanzu wani yanki ne na tarihin da aka yi rikodi. Akwai, duk da haka wasu hare-haren da za a iya yi a lokacin da ciniki ya faru wanda ba za a iya yi ba kowane lokaci daga baya.

Kai hari don bayyana adireshin IP

Waɗannan hare-haren sun shafi gano adireshin IP ɗin da ma'amala ta fito. Idan an cire wannan bayanin zai iya bayyana cewa mutum ya aika da ciniki na Monero. Ba zai iya nuna wa wanene, kuma nawa ba, amma akwai wasu lokuta inda ilimin wani mai amfani da Monero ya isa ya haifar da cutarwa.

Labari mai dadi shine, idan ba a tattara waɗannan bayanan ba a lokacin da aka yi ciniki, to ba za a iya koyan su a wani lokaci ba, tun da ba a adana adiresoshin IP akan blockchain ba. Har ila yau, yana da ban sha'awa sanin cewa irin wannan harin ba shi yiwuwa a gani a cikin daji, domin, don cire shi, maharin zai buƙaci yawancin nodes a kan hanyar sadarwa. Idan mutum ya iya yin umurni da wannan babban rinjaye, duk da haka, za su iya gane "tushen" da ma'amala ya fito.

Wannan na iya zama ruɗani, don haka za mu yi bayanin wasu bayanan baya nan. Kowane kumburi yana haɗawa da sauran nodes akan hanyar sadarwar, don su iya ci gaba da sabunta blockchain ɗin su, da kuma raba abin da suka sani ga wasu. Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar suna ba su damar koyan sabbin ma'amaloli, yada su, da aika nasu. Tun da kumburi kawai zai iya gaya wa takwarorinsu game da ma'amalar da suka sani game da su, yana tsaye don tunanin cewa kullin farko da ke yada ma'amala shine kumburin da ke aika Monero.

Idan maharin ya mallaki mafi yawan nodes akan hanyar sadarwa, kowane kumburi zai ji labarin wata ma'amala daga ɗaya daga cikin takwarorinsu, kuma bisa la'akari da lokacin da kowane kulli ya karɓi wannan bayanin, za su iya fitar da yiwuwar ƴan takarar inda aka fara ciniki.

Idan har yanzu wannan yana da rudani, muna ba da wannan misali. A ce mu duka muna da abokiyar juna da ke ɓoye daga hangen nesa. Wannan abokin yana kira da babbar murya. Ina jin kiransa da farko, kuma na ji shi fiye da ku. Daga wannan bayanin, za mu iya sanin cewa na fi ku kusanci da abokinmu fiye da ku. Kasancewar ka ji sautin daga baya (ko da tazarar dakika kawai) kuma sautin ya yi rauni yana nufin ya kamata mu fara bincike a kusa da yankina, ba naka ba.

Idan maharin ya sami nasarar yin hasashen wanene cikin takwarorinsu ya aiko da cinikin, tunda suna da adireshin IP ɗin da ke da alaƙa da kumburin su kuma ya tura musu, za su iya tabbatar da adireshin IP ɗin da ya aiko da shi. Wannan bayani ne mai ƙarfi, kamar yadda adiresoshin IP ya ƙunshi bayanai game da ƙasa da mai ba da sabis na intanet (ISP) na mai amfani, kuma ISP da kansu sun san wanne mai amfani da ke da alaƙa da ainihin adireshin IP, yadda ya kamata ya lalata mai amfani da Monero.

Ragewar (s)

Wata yuwuwar ragewa ga wannan harin shine amfani da hanyar sadarwa mai rufi kamar Tor ko I2P. Wannan yana sanya shi ta yadda ko da mai kai hari zai iya fitar da adireshin IP na tushen, mai yiwuwa ba shine wanda ya yi ciniki ba, amma a maimakon haka outproxy (I2P) ko kumburin fita (Tor) na cibiyar sadarwa mai rufi. Wannan ba shine mafita mai tattare da komai ba, kamar yadda hanyoyin sadarwa masu rufe fuska, VPNs, da software makamantan su aka hana a kasashe da yawa, kuma tsammanin kowa yayi amfani da shi, daidaitawa, da yadawa akan waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwa ba gaskiya bane. Akwai buƙatar samun mafita wanda baya buƙatar amfani da software na waje da cibiyoyin sadarwa; wanda yake samuwa ga talakawa.

Wannan bayani shine Dandelion ++ (DPP), wanda shine ingantaccen yarjejeniya zuwa ainihin tsarin Dandelion na Bitcoin. A cikin wannan ka'ida, akwai nau'i biyu, lokaci mai tushe, da lokacin fluff; Dukansu tare ya kamata su wakilci siffar dandelion.

A cikin lokaci mai tushe, kowane 'yan mintoci kaɗan, kumburin aika ba da gangan ya zaɓi takwarorinsu biyu daga duk nodes ɗin da ke da alaƙa da su. Lokacin da kumburin aikawa ya aika ma'amala, ko dai a madadin kansa ko kawai tura ma'amala daga wani kulli a cikin lokaci mai tushe, ba da gangan ya zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan takwarorinsa guda biyu da aka zaɓa ba kuma ya aika masa da ciniki.

Lokacin fluff shine lokacin da kumburi ya karɓi ma'amala kuma ya watsa shi zuwa kowane haɗi mai fita, maimakon kawai zuwa ɗayan da aka zaɓa ba da gangan ba, wannan yana ba da damar yaɗa ma'amala ta gaskiya. Kowane 'yan mintoci kaɗan wani kumburi yana bayyana kansa a matsayin wanda zai ko dai yaduwa ta hanyar kara ko ta hanyar fluff a bazuwar, don haka lokaci mai tushe zai iya zama tsayi sosai idan kowane kumburin haɗin gwiwa ya ayyana kansa a matsayin kullin kara, amma da zarar ma'amala ta shiga cikin lokaci, can ya tsaya.

Wannan yana nufin cewa maharin ba zai iya sauraron alkiblar ciniki kawai ba, domin kafin a yaɗa ta ga kowa da kowa, an yi ta ne a lokacin da ake aiwatar da ita, kuma asalin kumburin lokaci ba shine kumburin cinikin ya samo asali ba. , kuma ba a san adadin hops nawa ba tare da tushen cinikin da aka yi.

Tabbas, haɗa hanyoyin da ke sama (DPP tare da hanyar sadarwa mai rufi) zai ba da ƙarin garantin sirri da kariya daga gano IP. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura, cewa DPP ba ya kare wani nau'i na harin gano hanyar sadarwa wanda za a iya yi tare da ISPs, amma wannan ya wuce iyakar wannan labarin.

An saita Dandelion++ don tafiya kai tsaye akan hanyar sadarwar Monero, kuma a yi amfani da shi ta tsohuwa akan abokin ciniki na tunani, a cikin sakin 0.16. Wannan ƙaramin canji zai ƙara rage kai hare-hare akan hanyar sadarwar Monero, kuma yana misalta dalilin da yasa Monero ke jagorantar fakitin a aikace, fasahar sirri da aka yi amfani da su.

Kara karantawa